sábado, 29 de noviembre de 2014




INVENTION:
Electrocardiograph

It is a very important medical invention because, it allows to the physicians to know the normal physiology of the heart and the impact of different diseases on the structure and function of the heart.







What is it?

Electrocardiograph is an oscilloscope that has the ability to sense and amplify the electrical activity of the heart through electrodes placed on the 4 limbs and precordial in 6 positions, and by means of a needle passing the record to a role of special features in realtime. The record of this activity is the electrocardiogram (ECG).




What is it for?


This is a device that allows to observe the electrical activity of the heart.



This unit was created in 1901 by Willem Einthoven.
Einthoven was born in Semarang on Java in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia). In 1885, Einthoven received a medical degree from the University of Utrecht . He became a professor at the University of Leiden in 1886. In 1924 the Swedish Academy of Sciences awarded the Nobel Prize of Medicine and Physiology for their invention.


· WE was Dutch doctor and physiologist. Professor of physiology and histology at the University of Leiden, Netherlands



How did he do this?

Willem Einthoven placed two sensors on the skin of a man that were connected to the ends of a silver wire which passed between the two poles of a magnet. The wire was moving to the rhythm of heartbeat. This is called the string galvanometer



In 1901 Einthoven project a narrow beam of light through the holes at the poles of the magnet, across the silver wire moving. These movements were recorded in waves. 

He called P waves, QRS and T, on a parchment moving photographic paper. And with that he also invented the electrocardiogram. It´s the paper record of the electrical activity of the heart.







The operation of the electrocardiograph, as clinical diagnostic equipment , is based on the installation of a number of electrodes on the surface of the patient's skin at the level of the thoracic region , and in this way to record the electrical activity of the heart at different angles.
Current electrocardiographs have computerized systems to measure events. paper electrocardiography: It is a printed thermal paper with graph grid
ALADDIN AND THE ENCHANTED LAMP
(Summary)


Many years ago, in Arabia, there was a boy called Aladdin. He lived with his mother, they are very poor.  He was a lazy boy and he did not like to work.
One day in the market there was an old man in a long black coat and asked for Aladdin.  Then he called out to Aladdin. Is your name Aladdin? Aladdin, son of Mustafa? “Yes” he said. But my father is died five years ago. The old man began to cry and said: Mustafa was my bother. “I wanted to see him again”, “But here is my brother´s son, and I can see Mustafa in your face, my boy”. Aladdin, I am your uncle, Abanazar.” Abanazar took ten pieces of gold out of his bag, and  put them into Aladdin´s hand for your mother.
Aladdin gave his mother the ten pieces gold, and he said: my uncle gave the money to us. Uncle Abanazar is coming to visit us tomorrow.
The next day  Abanazar arrived at Aladdin ´s house. I can help my brother´s wife and his son, because I am a rich man.  Would you like to have a shop in the market perhaps?, Abanazar said. And Aladdin smiled. Why not? He said.
Early the next morning, he and Aladdin walked to the market, and Abanazar bought his a coat.  On day they walked to hills, and Abanazar gave a ring for Aladdin. Then, you must find a lamp, Abanazar said.  Abanazar was a magician from Morrocco, and he wanted this lamp very much. It was a magic lamp, and only a poor boy from the city could get it for him- a boy called Aladdin.
Soon Aladdin found the lamp, under one of the trees. Then, he went back with Abanazar. Give the lamp to me, Abanazar said.  But Aladdin don´t  wanted give his
 the lamp.  Angrily,  Abanazar ran to the fire and put more powder on it. “Abracadabra” he called.
The big white stone moved again, and now Aladdin could not see the sky. He was in the  dark, under the ground, and could not get out.

“Uncle Abanazar! Uncle!” Aladdin hit the stone but nothing moved. Don´t leave me here! Please!
Then Aladdin began to cry.  I´m going to die down here, he thought. For three days and three night Aladdin waited, but no help came.   On the third day he remembered Abanazar´s ring on his finger. He could not see the ring in the dark so he put his right hand on it…
WHOOSH!

There was a sudden noise, and blue smoke came out of the ring. And then, out of the smoke came a big jinnee.  I am here, master, I am here, the jinnee cried. “I am the slave of the ring. What is your wish?”
Aladdin was very surprised, and very afraid. Take me out of here, he said. “to hear is to obey” the jinnee said, and a second later Aladdin was back on the hills under the blue sky.
When he got to home, his mother was very happy to see him.  Oh, Aladdin, she said. What happened to you? And where is your uncle?. “Abanazar isn´t my uncle, Mother” he is a magician and a bad man. He nearly killed me.  
Aladdin slept for many hours. The next morning he opened his eyes and said: Mother, I´m hungry. We have nothing, she said.  Then Aladdin remembered the lamp.  “Take this lamp and sell that”. That dirty old thing? Aladdin´s mother said. I must clean it first. She began to rub it and…
WHOOSH! Noise, fire, and red smoke came from the lamp, and out of the smoke came a very big jinnee. I am the slave of the lamp, cried the jinnee. What is your wish, mistress? And Aladdin said: Bring rice and meat to us. The jinnee went away, and came back in a second with rice, meat, bread, and  fruit on twelve gold plates. Aladdin and his mother ate and ate. Aladdin took of the one plates to sold it for two pieces of gold.
Every day after that, Aladdin rubbed the lamp. And when the jinnee came, Aladdin said: Bring rice and meat. And every day he sold the gold plates.
Soon they were rich.

Five years later, Aladdin had a shop in the market and three market-seller worked for him. Aladdin was good to them.  Aladdin and his mother had a nice house near the gardens. But only they knew about the magic lamp an the jinnee.
One day Aladdin saw the Sultan´s daughter, the princess Badr-al-Budur.  Mother I must have the princess for my wife, Aladdin said. Go to Sultan´s  palace and ask for me.
Listen, my son. The daughters of a Sultan don´t marry poor boys from the city, the Aladdin´s mother said.
Take these jewels, Mother, on a gold plate, he said, and give them to sultan.
Then she went into a long room, but she was very afraid. In the evening she went back home again with the jewels.  Aladdin was very angry with her.
For many days after that, Aladdin´s mother went to the palace, but she was always afraid to speak.
The Sultan asked his Vizier: Who is that woman? Why does she come to palace every day? The Aladdin´s mother, the Vizier answered.  Come with me, the Sultan said.
Why do you come to palace every day? The  Sultan asked. Your Majesty, I have a son, a good young man. He is called Aladdin. He loves your daughter. He wants to marry her.
The Sultan laughed.
Your Majesty, these jewels are for you, from my son Aladdin.
These are very beautiful jewels, the sultan said. Your son is a rich man- a good husband for my daughter.
The Vizier did not like to hear this, because he wanted the princess to marry his son. Your Majesty, give him three months, and my son, can find better jewels than these.
Your son must wait for three months, the sultan said.
Two months after, the Princess was going to marry the vizier´s son. Aladdin was very unhappy.
He rubbed the magic lamp, and he wish to bring to the princess to the home. Aladdin took her hand and looked into her eyes, he said, I´m Aladdin, and I love you. I cannot live without you, and I want to marry you.
The next morning, the princess said, I don´t want marry the vizier´s son father. I want Aladdin for my husband.
Then the Sultan requests him to Aladdin several thing. And Aladdin carry out with all. And the sultan allowed the marriage.

Time passed. Aladdin married the Sultan's daughter and was very happy.
Where was Abanazar all this time? He went home to Morocco. He was very angry with Aladdin. But the boy is dead now, he thought.
It so happened that the evil magician got to know of Aladdin's good fortune. He came by Aladdin's palace pretending to exchange old lamps for new. The princes, Aladdin's wife, not knowing the value of the lamp to Aladdin called out to the magician to wait.
As soon as the magician saw the lamp he grabbed it from the princess' hand and rubbed it. The genie appeared, "you are my master and your wish is my command," he said to the magician. "Take Aladdin's palace to the great desert faraway from here," ordered the magician.
When Aladdin came home, there was no palace and no princess. He guessed it must be the evil magician who had come to take revenge on him. All was not lost, Aladdin had a ring that the magician had given to him. Aladdin pulled out that ring, rubbed it. Another genie appeared. Aladdin said, "Take me to my princess."
soon, Aladdin was in Arabia with his princess. He found his lamp lying on a table next to the magician. Before the magician could react, Aladdin jumped for the lamp and got hold of it. As soon as he had the lamp, Aladdin rubbed it.
The genie appeared again and said, "My master, Aladdin, it is indeed good to serve you again. What is it that you wish?" "I want you to send this magician to another world so that he never harms anybody," said Aladdin. Aladdin's wish was carried out; the evil magician disappeared forever.
The genie carried Aladdin, the princes and the palace back to home. He stayed with Aladdin for the rest of his life.



  


lunes, 24 de noviembre de 2014

DIRECTIONS



Bank

Go up until the corner, cross Maple Street, turn left walk a half block and there it´s next to a Chinese restaurant.





Park

Cross Main street, turn left walk until the corner, cross Maple Street, turn right walk a half bock and there it is.








Italian restaurant

Cross Main Street, turn right, go down until corner, cross Davis Street and there it is.
MY HOUSE


I live in a apartement near the University of Antioquia. It´s an old apartement, about 50 years old, and it´s very small. There are  two bedrooms. The bathroom next to the main bedroom. There´s a living room very small next to the kitchen.  
I live with my father and my mother. Many of my friends work in the other city, so they never stay with me. 
I don´t love my apartement  for many reasons:  It´s very old, the living room is very small, although it´s  near the University of Antioquia.